Depression 101

We all experience moments of sadness or feeling blue from time to time, which is a normal part of the human experience. However, when these feelings persist for extended periods, it might be indicative of Major Depressive Disorder, commonly known as depression. In this blog, we will learn about the various aspects of depression, exploring its definition, causes, and treatment.

Depression is more than just occasional sadness; it’s a prolonged state of low mood, lack of enjoyment, poor self-esteem, changes in sleep and appetite, and social isolation.Depression affects how you act, feel, think and react.  Clinically, it is diagnosed when these symptoms persist for two weeks or more. 

Current depression rates are at an all time high for Americans. According to the CDC, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2022; 26.3% of Mainers have been told by a health professional that they suffer from a type of depression, while in Florida 17.8% of Floridians have been told. Depression rates have increased steadily since 2020. According to the above 2022 poll, young adults have reported higher rates of depression than any other age group and around a quarter of adults under 30 say they are currently depressed.

Throughout history, doctors, psychologists, therapists, philosophers, and theologians have sought to understand the underlying causes of depression. In the mid-20th century, significant progress was made with the discovery that certain brain chemicals, neurotransmitters, were imbalanced in individuals with depression. This revelation paved the way for antidepressant medications like Prozac. While the notion of a “chemical imbalance” was once prevalent, more research has unveiled a more intricate understanding of depression. It involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors, often categorized as “nature” and “nurture.”

Nature:

1. Genetics: Inherited vulnerability to physical and/or mental illness.
2. Chemical Imbalance: Disruption in neurotransmitters, crucial brain chemicals.
3. Hormones: Imbalances due to life stages like puberty, pregnancy, menopause, or disorders affecting glands like adrenal, thyroid, and pituitary.

Nurture:

1. Early Life Experiences: Attachment patterns, early-life stress, and trauma.
2. Modeling from Elders/Authority Figures: Learned behaviors and thoughts from influential figures.
3. Major Life Changes: Events such as frequent relocations, stressful jobs, health changes, divorce, or loss of loved ones.

Remember, depression is a multifaceted condition influenced by both genetic predispositions and environmental factors. While neurotransmitter imbalances play a role, factors like early life experiences and major life changes are equally significant. While there is no one size fits all cure for depression, depression is treatable. Peace Behavioral Health is able to offer a number of collaborative care treatment options. The earlier you seek help, the earlier you will be able to feel relief. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of depression, reach out today. Let’s take the first step together in lowering the percentage of people depressed in our states.